On the face of it, authentication is conceptually among the simplest of all the security mechanisms employed within web applications. In the typical case, a user supplies her username and password, and the application must verify that these items are correct. If so, it lets the user in. If not, it does not. Authentication also … Read more
This is a more sophisticated and controlled technique, which is usually preferable to automated spidering. Here, the user walks through the application in the normal way using a standard browser, attempting to navigate through all of the application’s functionality. As he does so, the resulting traffic is passed through a tool combining an intercepting proxy … Read more
Cookies are a key part of the HTTP protocol which most web applications rely upon, and which can frequently be used as a vehicle for exploiting vulnerabilities. The cookie mechanism enables the server to send items of data to the client, which the client stores and resubmits back to the server. Unlike the other types … Read more
In the early days of the Internet, the World Wide Web consisted only of web sites. These were essentially information repositories containing static documents, and web browsers were invented as a means of retrieving and displaying those documents, as shown in Figure. The flow of interesting information was one-way, from server to browser. Most sites … Read more
In July 1992, Tim Berners-Lee introduced a new Internet protocol, the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), to improve the efficiency of document retrieval on the World Wide Web. HTTP is based on the concept of hypertext, a term coined by information theorist Ted Nelson. Its origins can be traced to Vannevar Bush’s utopian vision for a … Read more
No space left on device: Couldn’t create accept lock (/etc/httpd/logs/accept.lock. If httpd service is starting properly but not able to access web services and you find No space left on device error in error log , check these items in order: 1. Check your disk space This comes first because it’s the easiest to check, and … Read more
Failed to start httpd server: Address already in use Error Message while restart on http service: Starting httpd: (98)Address already in use: make_sock: could not bind to address [::]:80 no listening socket available,shutting down unable to open log Solution: This error usually occurs when web server is using the port, here 80, or The clean … Read more
http 400 BAD REQUEST The server cannot or will not process the request due to something that is perceived to be a client error (e.g., malformed request syntax, invalid request message framing, or deceptive request routing). The 400 Bad Request error is an HTTP status code that means that the request you sent to the … Read more
http service uptime We all know about uptime command purpose in Linux, it is used to check system uptime like, how long the system has been running without reboot and down. Each services has their own commands to check the service uptime, also we can check the services uptime using ps command. It will shows … Read more