Heuristic in Query optimization
Heuristic optimization often includes making transformations to the query tree by moving operators up and down the tree so that
Read moredatabase
Query Optimization
Before query optimization is carried out, one would of course need to decide what needs to be optimized. The goal
Read moreQuery Processing
In most database systems, queries are posed in a non-procedural language like SQL and as we have noted earlier such
Read moreData Manipulation Language in SQL (DML)
SQL language also includes syntax to update, insert, and delete records. These query and update commands together form the Data
Read moreDeveloping the Basic Schema
Once entities and relationships have been identified and defined, the first draft of the entity relationship diagram can be created.
Read moreData Modeling As Part of Database Design
The data model is one part of the conceptual design process. The other is the function model. The data model
Read moreThe Entity-Relationship Model
The Entity-Relationship (ER) model was originally proposed by Peter in 1976 as a way to unify the network and relational
Read moreData Modeling In the Context of Database Design
Database design is defined as: “design the logical and physical structure of one or more databases to accommodate the information
Read moreDatabase Administrators and Database Users
A primary goal of a database system is to retrieve information from and store new information in the database. People
Read moreData Dictionary
We can define a data dictionary as a DBMS component that stores the definition of data characteristics and relationships. You
Read more