CSS Selectors – manipulate HTML element : Chapter 3
CSS Selectors
CSS selectors allow you to select and manipulate HTML element(s).
CSS selectors are used to “find” (or select) HTML elements based on their id, classes, types, attributes, values of attributes and much more.
1. The element Selector
The element selector selects elements based on the element name.You can select all <p> elements on a page like this: (all <p> elements will be center-aligned, with a red text color)
Example
text-align: center;
color: red;
}
2. The id Selector
The id selector uses the id attribute of an HTML tag to find the specific element.
An id should be unique within a page, so you should use the id selector when you want to find a single, unique element.
To find an element with a specific id, write a hash character, followed by the id of the element.
The style rule below will be applied to the HTML element with id=”para1″:
Example
text-align: center;
color: red;
}
3. The class Selector
The class selector finds elements with the specific class.
The class selector uses the HTML class attribute.
To find elements with a specific class, write a period character, followed by the name of the class:
In the example below, all HTML elements with will be center-aligned:
Example
text-align: center;
color: red;
}
You can also specify that only specific HTML elements should be affected by a class.
In the example below, all p elements with will be center-aligned:
Example
text-align: center;
color: red;
}
4. Grouping Selectors
In style sheets there are often elements with the same style:
text-align: center;
color: red;
}h2 {
text-align: center;
color: red;
}p {
text-align: center;
color: red;
}
To minimize the code, you can group selectors.
To group selectors, separate each selector with a comma.
In the example below we have grouped the selectors from the code above:
Example
text-align: center;
color: red;
}
