In 1965, Bell Telephone Laboratories, General Electric Company and Massachusetts Institute of Technology where working together to develop a new operating system called MULTICS. In 1969, Bell Laboratories ended its participation in the project. However, the participating members of Bell Labs, mainly Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie, still had an intention to create such kind … Read more
One may argue that if there is plethora of programming languages available, then what makes C language so special? There are two answers to this question. First, C language has been used by programmers for past 30-40 years to develop every kind of utility. This means the language is well understood, the issues with the … Read more
A pointer is a variable that stores the address of another variable. Unlike other variables that hold values of a certain type, pointer holds the address of a variable. For example, an integer variable holds (or you can say stores) an integer value, however an integer pointer holds the address of a integer variable. In … Read more
Before we discuss function call by reference, lets understand the terminologies that we will use while explaining this: Actual parameters: The parameters that appear in function calls. Formal parameters: The parameters that appear in function declarations. For example: We have a function declaration like this: int sum(int a, int b); The a and b parameters … Read more
A function is a block of statements that performs a specific task. Suppose you are building an application in C language and in one of your program, you need to perform a same task more than once. In such case you have two options – a) Use the same set of statements every time you … Read more
String is an array of characters. In this post, we learn how to declare strings, how to work with strings in C programming and how to use the pre-defined string handling functions. We will see how to compare two strings, concatenate strings, copy one string to another & perform various string manipulation operations. We can … Read more
The goto statement is rarely used because it makes program confusing, less readable and complex. Also, when this is used, the control of the program won’t be easy to trace, hence it makes testing and debugging difficult. goto statement When a goto statement is encountered in a C program, the control jumps directly to the … Read more
The continue statement is used inside loops. When a continue statement is encountered inside a loop, control jumps to the beginning of the loop for next iteration, skipping the execution of statements inside the body of loop for the current iteration. Continue statement Syntax: continue; Flow diagram of continue statement
A do while loop is similar to while loop with one exception that it executes the statements inside the body of do-while before checking the condition. On the other hand in the while loop, first the condition is checked and then the statements in while loop are executed. So you can say that if a … Read more
A loop is used for executing a block of statements repeatedly until a given condition returns false. In the previous tutorial we learned for loop. In this post we will learn while loop in C. while loop Syntax of while loop: while (condition test) { //Statements to be executed repeatedly // Increment (++) or Decrement … Read more